Analyzing the Impact of Land Use on the Integration of Non-Motorized Transport in Arba Minch Town: A Case Study of the Central Business District

Abstract

Walking, cycling, and public transport are the dominant modes of transport in most Ethiopian cities. The integration of Non-motorized Transportation (NMT) in urban centers is critical for promoting sustainable mobility, reducing congestion, and enhancing accessibility. Recognizing the interwoven relationship between transportation and land use, this study investigates the impact of land use on the integration of NMT within the Central business District (CBD) of Arba Minch, Ethiopia. The study uses a mixed qualitative and quantitative research methods. Quantitative research was done to get numerical data on traffic counts, land use data, infrastructure inventory, accessibility data and accident data. Whereas, qualitative research was done for observational study and user experience. The study employed a stratified random sampling techniques and executed 384 questionnaire surveys. Findings indicate that the morphological change of the CBD is only 14% built up throughout the past two decades. As a result, there is stagnation and inadequate urban development and no change in street layouts indicating missed opportunities to improve NMT infrastructure. The horizontal expansion create multiple small plots and property entrance discontinuing walkways and tactile pavements for blind people. The study also identifies deficiencies in NMT infrastructure and road design, such as absence of bike lanes, obstructive utility placements, safety hazards for users, and non-ergonomic street furniture. Additionally, inadequate pedestrian crossings, poor maintenance, and a lack of traffic signage exacerbate challenges. Widespread setbacks encroachment, substandard building-to-street ratios, incompatible land uses, superblocks, and reduced connectivity are challenges for NMT integration. The findings highlight the need for integrated urban planning that addresses the impact of land use on NMT infrastructure in Arba Minch's CBD. A holistic approach, including better traffic management, improved road design, and supportive land use policies, is essential to foster safer, more accessible, and NMT-friendly urban environments in Arba Minch and similar cities.