COLLEGE OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES SCHOOL OF MEDICINE DEPARTMENT OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES ASSESSMENT OF IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ANTICOAGULANT ANTI BACTERIAL AND BIOCOMPATABILITY ACTIVITIES OF GREEN SYNTHESIZED TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES USING THE JATROPHA CARCUS LEAF EXTRAC

Abstract

Background: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles have various applications in biomedicine and the food industry. Green methods for producing metal oxide nanoparticles are gaining popularity due to their ease and environmental friendliness. Green synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles using Jatropa curcas leaf extract is a new approach to improve the biocompatibility of the nanoparticles. Objective: To determine the in vitro antioxidant anticoagulant antibacterial and biocompatibility activities of titanium dioxide nanoparticles synthesized by the aqueous leaf extract of jatropha carcus plant Methods: The synthesis of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles was optimized using a response surface approach, with variations in pH, temperature, and extract volume and substrate concentration. The resulting nanoparticles were characterized using UV–Visible spectrophotometry, FTIR Spectroscopy, and X-Ray Diffraction analysis. The biologically synthesized titanium dioxide was tested for their antioxidant, anticoagulant, antibacterial, and biocompatibility activities. Results: Synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticle was confirmed through the absorption band at 301 nm, and the FTIR spectra confirmed the titanium dioxide fingerprint region with a characteristic peak at 1018 cm-1. The XRD analysis showed an average particle size of 29.01 nm for the titanium dioxide nanoparticles. At the higher concentration of 640 ppm, the TiO2 NPs demonstrated 76.67% scavenging activity compared to the standard control (72.71%). A dense thickened blood clot was observed in culture tube A, while no blood clot was seen in culture tube B containing titanium dioxide nanoparticles, even after a longer period of time. Ttitanium dioxide nanoparticle demonstrated inhibitory activity against the test pathogenic strains Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in the following descending order of concentration: 200 ppm > 150 ppm > 100 ppm > 50 ppm. Ttitanium dioxide nanoparticle of a concentration of 640ppm showed 3% haemolytic activity, while a concentration of 40ppm showed 0.4% haemolytic activity. Conclusion: Jatropha curcas leaf extract-derived green synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles offer a promising approach for biomedical applications due to their eco friendly, low-cost, and reproducible nature. They also exhibit promising bioactivities and warrant further exploration for additional biomedical applications