Abstract:
The importance of IT education in primary schools is increasingly recognized in today’s digital
world, particularly in Ethiopia, where there is a critical need to equip young learners with
essential computer skills. However, many students face challenges in secondary school, higher
education institutions and at work place due to insufficient computer literacy which can hinder
their understanding of fundamental concepts and skills. Additionally there is a limited number
of research in this area.
To address these challenges this study developed a framework for intelligent tutoring system
aimed at enhancing IT education in Oromia region primary schools. For the achievement of
the general objective of the research study and to answer the research questions the researcher
used exploratory research design through mixed research approach. To develop this
framework, a comprehensive analysis of the educational landscape, including curriculum
requirements and student demographics was acquired. In addition the researcher engaged
with educators, administrators, and students to gather insights and perspectives to provide
valuable input for the framework design.
Data was collected from 385 participants including educators, administrators and students,
using a purposive sampling method to ensure diverse representation. The data collection
methods included surveys, focus groups, observation and document analysis. Based on this
analysis and stakeholder input, the framework was designed by including a rule-based expert
system, educational content, NLP and Bayesian knowledge tracing model for personalized
learning tailored to the Oromia region primary school context. Following this, a prototype of
the tutoring system is also developed using python and tested with real end users to assess
usability, effectiveness and alignment with educational objectives achieving a user acceptance
rate of 85.3%. Generally, the framework was developed to support the curriculum for IT
education ensuring in a way that it is significant and applicable to the needs of students.
Students can receive personalized feedback and guidance, leading to a more effective learning
experience. The framework will also help by bridging the digital divide and enhance students’
skills for future success
