SEGEN KALALE WATER RESERVIOR STATUS, CHALLENGES AND SUSTAINABLE OPTIONS, KONSO ZONE, SOUTH-ETHIOPIA

Abstract

The Segen Kalale Water Reservoir is a vital source of irrigation and drinking water located at Konso Zone, Southern Region Ethiopia. However, the reservoir is currently facing multifaceted critical challenge. The main objective of this study was to determine the water quality status of water reservoir of Segen Kalale and to explore challenges facing the water body. Laboratory based experimental status determination was conducted. Both qualitative and quantitative data was collected. For quantitative data collection system presence of algae was identified with AquaFluor™, Turner Designs device on site. A total of 27 water samples were collected in triplicate along transect at inflow, center and out flow of the reservoir. Both In-situ and Ex-situ water quality analysis were made. The rest Samples were transported to the Arba Minch University Abaya Campus laboratory in ice box for physic-chemical characterization. Water quality data results revealed elevated levels of total phosphorus (>1.4 mg/L) and chlorophyll-a, exceeding established thresholds for eutrophic conditions with values ranging from 49 µg/l to 58 µg/l. While total nitrogen (TN) levels were moderate, their presence alongside readily available TP suggests a potential contributing factor to eutrophication. Though there are significant variations in different zones of the reservoir, the DO, pH and temperature remain well within the range for healthy aquatic life. Additionally, total suspended solids (TSS) levels throughout the reservoir exceeded the water quality guideline for the protection of aquatic life in lakes and wetlands. These findings highlight the urgency of addressing nutrient loading, particularly phosphorus, to combat eutrophication and safeguard the reservoir's ecosystem and the communities that depend on it. Collaborative management strategies involving environmental agencies, stakeholders, and local communities are crucial. Implementing sustainable practices like responsible water use and nutrient management in the catchment area are essential for the Segen Kalale water Reservoir's long-term viability.