ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL AND TECHNO-ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF MICRO HYDROPOWER FOR RURAL ELECTRIFICATION IN THE WEIRA WATERSHED, BILATE CATCHMENT, ETHIOPIA

Abstract

Energy access is crucial for economic development and social progress worldwide. In Eth iopia’s rural Weira watershed, electrification faces major challenges due to geographic iso lation and the high cost of extending the national grid, resulting in an electricity crisis that limits local communities’ well-being and economic opportunities. This study assesses the hydropower potential of selected sites in the Weira watershed and conducts a techno econ omic evaluation of micro-hydropower (MHP) for rural electrification. HEC-HMS model was used to compute the available flows (rainfall runoff dynamics were effectively simula ted); the results were calibrated and validated with daily river discharge data (NSE = 0.774, R² =0.856 and NSE = 0.768, R²= 0.869). The potential site for head assessment was identi fied with GPS and GIS software, and the techno - economic evaluation was performed wi th HOMER Pro software. Two sites were identified which are Cembershemo and Tachada zer. Flow duration curve analysis were conducted based on hydrological and topographica l suitability. Annual energy outputs of 1.57GWh and 0.96GWh, respectively, totaling app oximately 2.53 GWh/year at 95% dependable flow. Levelized energy costs (5.47 - 9.81ET B/kWh) and net present costs (31.8 - 91million ETB),confirming financial viability and th e ability to fully supply off grid local demands.The region’s topography favors diversion canal Micro Hydro Power plants, minimizing environmental impact and construction com plexity. This study shows that Micro Hydro Power development in the Weira watershed is both technically and economically feasible, offering a sustainable solution to rural energy deficits. It supports Ethiopia’s rural electrification goals by providing clean, affordable, a nd reliable electricity, there by promoting socio economic development, reducing deforest ation, and limiting rural to urban migration. Recommendations include prioritizing the Ce mbershemo site, encouraging investment, and fostering community engagement for sustai nable project operation.