INCIDENCE AND PREDICTORS OF MORTALITY AMONG ADULT STROKE PATIENTS ADMITTED TO COMPREHENSIVE SPECIALIZED HOSPITALS IN SIDAMA REGION AND SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA 2023, A RETROSPECTIVE FOLLOW UP STUDY

Abstract

Introduction: Globally, stroke is the second leading cause of mortality and disability. Currently, stroke is one of the most common reasons for admission in many healthcare facilities and is becoming an alarming serious public health problem in Ethiopia. However, there is limited evidence on the incidence and predictors of mortality among stroke patients in Ethiopia. The purpose of this study is to estimate the incidence and predictors of mortality among adult stroke patients. Objective: To assess the incidence and predictors of mortality among stroke patients admitted to Comprehensive Specialized hospitals in Southern Ethiopia, 2023. Methods: An institutional based-retrospective follow-up study was conducted among 551 stroke patients admitted to Wolaita Sodo University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital and Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from January 1, 2018 – December 31, 2022. Simple random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Extracted data was exported from kobo collect to STATA and analyzed by STATA version 14.1 software. Bivariate and Multivariable cox proportional hazard regression analysis was done. The assumption of Cox proportional hazard was checked by using schoenfled residuals test and graphical methods. Goodness of model Fitness was checked by using Cox Snell residual. Adjusted hazard ratio with 95% confidence interval and p-values less than 0.05 was used to identify statistically significant predictors. Result: The incidence rate of death was 2.3 per 100 person days. Aspiration pneumonia(AHR=4.28;95%CI=2.32,7.91) ,GCS<8(AHR=3.43;95%CI=1.46,8.07), GCS score of 9-12(AHR=2.99: 95%CI=1.43,6.25), NIHSS on admission (AHR=1.76; 95% CI=1.03,3.02), and Increased ICP (AHR=3.17; 95% CI=1.23,4.85) were significant predictors of mortality among admitted adult stroke patientsConclusion and Recommendation: The mortality rate of stroke is higher than previous studies conducted in Ethiopia. Early identification and management of stroke and stroke related complication should be done