DETERMINANTS OF HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING HEALTH CARE SERVICE IN PUBLIC HOSPITALS OF GAMO, GOFA, AND SOUTH OMO ZONES, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA

Abstract

8 ABSTRACT Background: Hyperemesis gravidarum is severe nausea and excessive vomiting, starting before the end of the 22nd week of gestation. The identification of the determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum is of particular importance for early detection and intervention to reduce the health, psychosocial and, economic impact. In Ethiopia there is low information on determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum. Objective: To identify the determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum among pregnant women attending health care service in public hospitals of Gamo, Gofa, and South Omo zones, Southern Ethiopia, 2021. Methods and Materials: Institution based unmatched case-control study design was conducted from April 12- June 12, 2021. A total of 360 study participants (120 cases and 240 controls) were interviewed. A structured face-to-face interviewer administered questionnaire and checklist for document review were used to collect the data. Variables with a p value ≤0.25 in bi-variable analysis were entered into multi-variable logistic regression model. Statistical significance was declared at P-value < 0.05 along with, 95% Confidence Interval. Result: Being an urban dweller (AOR=2.1, 95% CI: 1.01, 4.34), having polygamous husband (AOR= 2.92, 95% CI: 1.27, 6.68), having history asthma/ other respiratory tract infections (AOR= 3.56, 95% CI: 1.43, 8.82), Saturated fat intake (AOR = 4.06 95% CI: 1.98, 8.3), no intake of ginger (AOR = 3.04 95% CI: 1.14, 8.09), and inadequate intake of vitamin B rich foods (2.2, 95% CI: 1.14-4.2) were the determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum. Conclusion: This study revealed that, urban residence, having polygamous husband, history of asthma/other respiratory tract infections, intake of saturated fat, no intake of ginger, inadequate intake of vitamin B reach foods were found to be independent determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum. Healthcare providers and concerned governmental authorities should exert continual effort to give health education and counseling service concerning to dietary practice and asthma attacks. And it is better if pregnant women adhere to healthy diets and limit intake of saturated fats.